9 Creative Ideas for Teaching Time

9 Creative Ideas for Teaching Time Teaching time can be tricky and frustrating at times, but hands-on and lots of practice will help the concept stick. Judy clocks are excellent clocks for kids to use since the hour hand moves when the minute hand goes around, just like the real thing. The following ideas are from homeschoolers, teachers, and others who submitted creative teaching strategies on an online forum Make a Clock For telling time, you could make a clock, using strong paper and a brad in the middle, and practice telling time. Start with the oclock times, then move on to 30s. After that, show that the numbers around the face have the minute value which is reached when you count by 5s, and practice telling time with the minute hand on the numbers. (Make sure you progress the hour hand as you go. They need to get used to the idea that at 4:55, the hour hand will look like its on the 5.) –Anachan Start with Hours For telling time, we made a clock out of a paper plate and used a paper fastener to attach to construction paper hands. You can move the hands to demonstrate different times. I started with teaching hours (9 oclock, 10 oclock, etc.), then did quarter and half hours, and finally minute increments. –chaimsmo1 Start Later I didnt introduce time and money until toward the end of 1st grade. Its easier to understand quarter-past and half past once you have covered fractions. Of course, we talk about time and money in our daily life long before the end of first grade. –RippleRiver Telling Time Job I always ask her to provide me the time. It is just one of her jobs. It is also her job to adjust the thermostat. She will read me the numbers and I will tell her what to change it to or how many to change it by, etc. –FlattSpurAcademy Count by 5s on Watch For my son, since hed learned how to count by 5s, I taught him to count by 5s on his watch. He picked this up really well. We did have a little adjusting to do with the times that were near the next hour because it always looks like the next hour, but he learned to really pay attention to where the little hand was (just before the next number, etc.). To me, I find it confusing (and a waste) to show a breakdown of hour, half-hour, learn that, then break it down more... the same time could be spent learning the count by 5s. I havent taught him how to count by exact number yet (12:02 example), but will be doing that this year. –AprilDaisy1 Time Story Problems Personally, I wouldnt start with money and time until she has mastered counting by 5s and 10s. This way, it will become very easy for her to understand the principles in figuring out the time and amount of change, etc. My son only knew the value of coins and telling time by oclock and half-past in kindergarten. Now, he is able to make change, count change, and tell time. He is now learning how to figure out time sentence problems (e.g., How much time did it take, etc.) and he is starting 2nd grade. However, while in kindergarten and 1st grade, he was able to add and subtract very large numbers and carry-over, etc. So, dont be surprised if your child is not ready for this- especially if he/she cannot count by 5s and 10s first. –Kelhyder Teach it as it Happens Well, I have a kindergartener and were working on time and money right now. He actually is really good at time because we teach time as it happens. He realizes that his favorite show comes on at 4:00 pm, he knows that his friends come home from school at about 3:00 pm, etc. He learns because he asks. Also, when he went to visit my parents this summer, they bought him an analog watch and taught him how to tell time on it. Hes not perfect at it, but he can get it down to the hour now. But yes, time is definitely better taught as it happens. Thats also how I learned analog time when I was a kid. –Erin The Shiny Pocket Watch To teach my son to tell time, once he understood the basics, we went to a store and he picked out a pocket watch that caught his eye. I told him it was up to him to make sure we always knew the time. He was excited to have any excuse to pull out that shiny watch and use it. It reinforced his time telling skills and now every time he sees it, he can remember that special time we spent together. –Misty Name the Hands I realized it is helpful if you give the names to the following hand: Second hand Second hand (keep it the same)Big hand Minute HandSmall hand Name Hand You can explain now or later that its not really called the name hand, but it will make it easier to learn for now. Start off by teaching the time at the top of the hours. Put the clock at 3:00 and ask what number does the name hand point to? When he says, 3, say that means its 3 oclock. Next, change it to 4. Now what time does the name hand point to? etc. Mix it up after a few times. Once the child seems to understand that, ask him or her to make a time and tell you what it is. If they go to something other than an oclock, (like 3:20), feel free to tell them what time that is, but say that the big hand has to be facing up for it to be three oclock. Explain youll learn the rest of it another day (or teach it to them later after they have mastered the oclock part. Every child will be different.) –Matt Bronsil

Free Essays on This Question Is Related To The Tort Of Negligence.

There are three elements that must be present for an act or omission to be negligent; (1) The defendant owed a duty of care towards the plaintiff; (2) The defendant breached the duty of care by an act or omission; (3) The plaintiff must suffer damage as a result - be it physical, emotional or financial. The court might decide that Freddy (the plaintiff) was owed a duty of care by Elvis (the defendant) if they find that what happened to Freddy was in the realm of reasonable forseeability - any harm that could be caused to a 'neighbour' by Elvis' actions that he could reasonably have expected to happen. The 'neighbour principle' was established in the case of Donoghue v. Stevenson (1932). Donoghue was bought a ginger beer by her friend from an ice-cream parlour. She discovered a partially decomposed snail inside the opaque bottle. She claimed that she suffered from gastro-enteritis and nervous shock as a result, and sued the manufacturer. She could not sue for breach of contract (the contract being that the manufacturer would provide the consumer with products that would not harm her) because her friend had purchased it for her, so she sued for negligence. Lord Atkinson, who was the judge at the trial, said the case hinged on the question, do the manufacturers owe the consumer, as wel l as the buyer (the parlour), a duty of care? Is the plaintiff the defendant's 'neighbour', to whom the plaintiff owed a duty of care? Lord Atkinson said that a neighbour is anyone that you might closely and directly affect by your actions. So it was established that the manufacturer did owe a duty of care to Mrs. Donoghue, in that it was up to them to make sure that snails did not get into their bottles of ginger beer, as it directly affected Mrs. Donoghue's well-being. From this legal precedent, I would say that Elvis harmed his neighbour, Freddy, negligently, because he did closely and directly affect his well-being by not taking into accoun... Free Essays on This Question Is Related To The Tort Of Negligence. Free Essays on This Question Is Related To The Tort Of Negligence. There are three elements that must be present for an act or omission to be negligent; (1) The defendant owed a duty of care towards the plaintiff; (2) The defendant breached the duty of care by an act or omission; (3) The plaintiff must suffer damage as a result - be it physical, emotional or financial. The court might decide that Freddy (the plaintiff) was owed a duty of care by Elvis (the defendant) if they find that what happened to Freddy was in the realm of reasonable forseeability - any harm that could be caused to a 'neighbour' by Elvis' actions that he could reasonably have expected to happen. The 'neighbour principle' was established in the case of Donoghue v. Stevenson (1932). Donoghue was bought a ginger beer by her friend from an ice-cream parlour. She discovered a partially decomposed snail inside the opaque bottle. She claimed that she suffered from gastro-enteritis and nervous shock as a result, and sued the manufacturer. She could not sue for breach of contract (the contract being that the manufacturer would provide the consumer with products that would not harm her) because her friend had purchased it for her, so she sued for negligence. Lord Atkinson, who was the judge at the trial, said the case hinged on the question, do the manufacturers owe the consumer, as wel l as the buyer (the parlour), a duty of care? Is the plaintiff the defendant's 'neighbour', to whom the plaintiff owed a duty of care? Lord Atkinson said that a neighbour is anyone that you might closely and directly affect by your actions. So it was established that the manufacturer did owe a duty of care to Mrs. Donoghue, in that it was up to them to make sure that snails did not get into their bottles of ginger beer, as it directly affected Mrs. Donoghue's well-being. From this legal precedent, I would say that Elvis harmed his neighbour, Freddy, negligently, because he did closely and directly affect his well-being by not taking into accoun...

Globalization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Globalization - Essay Example It has enabled the business houses to diversify themselves and enjoy the benefits of working in different emerging economies. Companies which are operating in the stage of maturity or decline of a particular industry of a country or region but their products have higher or sufficient demand in the other parts of the world often takes the advantage to move or penetrate in the new markets which in turn enhance the life of the product line. Globalization has paved the way for international investment across the world. Business activities are generally affected by a number of factors like the political condition of the foreign country, the economic situation of the prospective region, the legal issues or the laws regarding the business or other related issues, technology availability, environmental issues of the country, social norms, local customs and rituals, cultural, aspects of the country, the other aspects influencing the cross culture management etc. Therefore apart from financial viability of the investment, these factors have to be analysed in detail before making any decision. Wrong assessment of any of the criteria mentioned above could lead to the failure of the project. The present case of La Napoli restaurant highlights the flaws in cross culture management and overall mismanagement in managerial functions of the restaurant which has declined the overall performance of the restaurant. The case focuses how the failure of managing the cross culture issues and other basic managerial issues has adversely affected the organisational performance in terms of profitability, managerial efficiency and revenue. The Cultural Issues The case highlights the major flaws which resulted in to the decline of restaurant of an established business chain. Though the idea of Compia (a renowned Italian-American chef) of setting an authentic Italian restaurant was fair but it bumped off because of ineffective and inefficient management of cross culture issues which are very important for international investment. This segment highlights the cross culture issues which adversely affected the performance of the restaurant. The cultural dimensions of a country or region have a major impact on the organisational performance especially on the human resource activities. As per Greet Hofstede there are four cultural dimensions that are power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism & collectivism, masculinity & femininity and short term versus long term orientation (Heidtmann, 2011, p. 41). In order to identify and assess the problem and symptoms of cross culture issues, it is very important to analyse the cultural dimensions of the host country Hong Kong. Figure 1: Cultural Dimensions of Hong Kong (Source: itim, n.d) The power dimension signifies the extent of expectation and acceptance of unequal distribution of power. The power distance dimension of Hong Kong is 68. This signifies that the people of Hong Kong believes in superior subordinate relations hip and accept unequal distribution of power as per the organisational hierarchy. The individualism dimension of Hong Kong is very low. This signifies that the people of Hong Kong, works for the group’s interest instead of working for themselves. They believe in working collectively. The 57 score in masculinity dimension index shows that the people there are success driven. As per the score of uncertainty avoidance index it can be said that the rules and regulations are quite flexible and can be adapted as per the situations. People there are long-term oriented which means that people there worries for future which in turn signifies that job security is a major concern for them. The major cultural issues which have been identified while analysing the case are as follows: The first major issue

Essay on Horizontal Recruiters Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

On Horizontal Recruiters - Essay Example It is the only cemetery that is under the Armys jurisdiction while the other 113 are under the Veterans Administration. He notes that although these men and women who are buried there were once regular citizens like the people who come to read their names, they are seen as heroes. The Army has glorified these corpses as something that should be revered and that it is something that people should be humbled by because these soldiers laid down their lives for their country. The author also suggests that President Kennedy also became a heroic entity within the walls of Arlington because of his assignation and the fact that he is the most visited grave in the cemetery. He talks about the fact that although he was under court martial his father was able to get him out of it and this act led to him being elected president later. All of this information made the author angry about what he was seeing how the Arlington Cemetery as a tribute to the militarys need to emulate its victims. Another historical fact that he brings to light is the fact that Arlington was once named "Freedom Village" and it served as a place where free slaves were living just after Lincoln freed them. This was a place where they could receive permanent housing and community service. This was an established village for them for over 30 years. Unfortunately because it was under the jurisdiction of the Army, many residents complained that the living conditions were like living in slavery. After the war it was more difficult for the ex-slaves to get the help they needed and the federal assistance they were receiving was reduced. He makes the point that the Arlington National Cemetery brought this about and created a welfare state before there was welfare available to the nation. Another travesty that this young man is upset about is the fact that in Arlington National Cemetery blacks and whites could not be buried together. This created another way for the slaves to be separated within the

Importance of managing the firms weighted average cost of capital Essay

Importance of managing the firms weighted average cost of capital (WACC) - Essay Example Managing WACC thus means keeping the WACC value lower than the company's after-tax returns, or in other words, reducing the cost of capital.This can be done by financing a major percentage of the purchase with the lowest cost of capital available, secured debts for instance, and the rest with personal equity held as cash, or by means of capital prioritisation, that is, using the cheapest source of capital first. A low WACC means that investors will be interested in the company in case additional capital needs to be raised for expansion or other purposes. Calculating WACC is often tricky because though the cost of debt is easy to track down, cost of equity can be an elusive factor. But it is worth the exercise, because knowing its WACC helps a company to try and restrict the WACC value for projects to levels far below those of its after-tax returns, thus adding to profitability. All firms need to take recourse to loans at some stage of their life cycle. But they need to carefully and critically evaluate their loan agreements, whether in the public or the private sector.

Freuds psychodynamic approach and rogers humanistic approach

Freuds psychodynamic approach and rogers humanistic approach For this essay I will be comparing and contrasting the psychodynamic approach concentrating on Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) and humanistic approach looking at Carl Rogers theory (1902-1987) focussing on mainly the middle adult stage of human development. The Psychodynamic approach emphasises unconscious dynamics within the individual such as inner forces, conflict or the movement of instinctual energy The founding father of the psychodynamic approach was Sigmund Freud, he believed that everybody has inner conflicts and was interested in how these can be resolved. Freud focused on the unconscious mind, believing that adult personality develops due to the passing through of five stages which he called psychosexual from birth to adolescence; the oral stage, the anal stage, the phallic stage, the latency stage, and lastly the genital stage. Any trauma suffered at one of these important stages Freud believed would result in fixation, if that adult has greater underlying problems, stemming from childhood then this Freud felt showed as regression meaning the behaviour they then show is closer to that of when they were a child. (Gross 1996) An example of fixation of a male in the phallic stage means that individual can become vain and self-assured however a female fixated in the same stage may fight hard for superiority over men. If an adult is lucky enough to avoid any problems during Freuds early stages develop a genital character meaning they grow to be mature, and are able to love and be loved. (Eysenck 2000:318) (Bee Boyd 2003) Freud divided the mind in three parts; the id which is the unconscious, which he described as a cauldron full of seething excitationsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.it is filled with energyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦butà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦has no organisationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦only striving to bring about the satisfaction of instinctual needs subject to the observance of the pleasure principleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ it is an individuals basic sexual aggressive impulses, and where the libido lies. The id has two major instincts Eros; the life instinct that motivates people to focus on pleasure seeking tendencies and Thanatos; the death instinct that motivates people to use aggressive urges to destroy. The ego works on the reality principle and is the thinking part of the personality it has the job of keeping, the id satisfied and happy. Freud described the ego as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the part of the id which has been modified by the direct influence of the external worldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.the ego represents what may be called reason and c ommon sense, in contrast to the id which contains the passionsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.in its relation to the id it is like a man on horseback, who has to hold in check the superior strength of the horseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. The third part of the personality is the superego which is the parent and moral judge. The ego must try and satisfy the id without disrespecting the superegos rules. (Bee Boyd 2003) (Beckett Taylor 2010:22-23) (Changingminds.org) The egos job is extremely hard, as it has to keep the id and the superego in balance if not then an adult can experience conflict, this can result in the ego breaching the superegos rules, resulting in the ego producing defence mechanisms. Examples are repression; the forcing of conscious memory into the unconscious, displacement; a substitute object takes the place for the expression of anger and denial; the refusal to acknowledge problems that occur, these are three from many forms of defence mechanisms the ego triggers in order to reduce anxiety. Freud understood that without defence mechanism an individual would not be able to cope with the tensions within the personality. (Wade Tavris 2006) (Gross 1997) Carl Rogers was the founding father of humanistic psychology and client centred therapy, his theory was a reaction psychodynamic psychology. Rogers saw potential in every living organism and truly felt that everything organic had the potential to self-actualise. He gained this insight after seeing potatoes in a dark cellar that had begun to sprout stretching to the light from the window in his childhood. It is the urge which is evident in all organic and human life to expand, become autonomous, develop, mature (Gross 1997:764) Rogers felt differently to Freud, he felt individuals were born innately good, we have mental and social problems that are caused from external influences. It is an approach that emphasises free will, personal growth, resilience and the achievement of human development (Wade Tavris 2006) Rogers believed that the concept of self was of importance and mainly conscious, it consists of our thoughts and feelings, everyone has an organismic self; what we actually are, a self-concept; what the outside world has made us and an ideal self; the person we would most likely to be. Rogers believed that our driving forces are largely devoted to the lack of self-actualising our needs and potential. Everybody requires positive regard from others, as well as positive self-regard from inside our own self, anomalies a rise when there is incongruence between the adults self-concept and the organismic self. In order for an adult to be truly happy and there actualising tendency to be fully functioning the organismic self and the ideal self must be as close together as it is possible. When an adults life is happy and fulfilled Rogers saw this as reaching a state of absolute congruence. As an example of incongruence we could look at two scenarios; an adult male who has a mind-set that every woman he meets should fall in love with him however this is not the case whenever he meets a woman, they may feel that he has not got the qualities they are looking for, this would be incongruence. He may deal with this situation by criticising there decisions for not falling in love with him and justify this with thoughts such as she was not good enough anyway or her loss. In opposition to this if he did not have such high self-esteem and the woman did find him attractive, this is also incongruence. His thought patterns to deal with women liking him could be she does not really like me or even find fault with the women, to find a reason for the action. (Eysenck 2000) (Gross 1997) If we now compare and contrast the two theories we can initially see they are poles apart however some aspects can be viewed as very similar. Freuds view that when an adult has developed a genital character and are mature and are able to love and be loved can, be compared with Rogers state of absolute congruence, both theories see that this is, where an adult is happy and well adjusted. (Eysenck 2000:318) Freuds id, ego and super ego can be viewed as similar to Rogers organismic self, self- concept and the ideal self. In each of the theories, there is one aspect of the personality that is required to keep a balance between the other two id and superego are balanced by the ego in Freud theory and organismic self and the ideal self by the self-concept in Rogers theory each having to maintain balance so that there is a sense of order within the personality. (Gross 1997) We can also look at Freuds defence mechanisms which are there to help in situations that cause anxiety. In my example with the adult male showing incongruence above, the reaction can be compared to Freuds projection in which the male has placed his own unwanted feelings onto someone else or rationalizing by finding an acceptable excuse for his behaviour, due to his reaction to the situation. (Gross 1997) Both theories are similar in that they are both from an era when society was not so diverse in culture, sexuality and ethnicity, and was very male dominated at the time, each theorist could not have for seen these dramatic changes in society. Freuds psychosexual stages can be seen as not very flexible to other cultures as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦it does not always make much sense if you attempt to apply this model to adults that are not from western cultures (Walker Crawford 2010:117) Rogers saw the present and the conscious was the most significant part of an adult and focused on the here and now instead of, trying to find relevance to the past and therefore did not incorporate childhood in his theories for problems that an individual may face in life. He felt that the negative actions of an adult do not remove there worth as an individual believing the ultimate goal was personal growth, development and understanding through constant self-improvement and self-understanding and every person is capable of reaching this, adults were born innately good and had a positive outlook on everything organic, choosing to take a more holistic approach. In comparison to Freud who was more interested in negative aspects and concentrated on childhood development, the conflicts as an adult we face if we have not moved successfully through his psychosexual stages of development that can cause conflict in out unconscious mind. (www.humanism.com) Rogers did not incorporate childhood into his theory, believing that a person can resolve any incongruence in their lives as adults and can therefore self-actualise no matter what the conflicts through childhood they had as we all have freewill, whereas Freuds theory only concentrated on childhood and what happens in childhood shapes the adult we become and are in the future (Gross 1997) In conclusion there may be a few similarities within each approach however each approach could not be further apart in terms of the theories one believes in the unconscious and the other conscious drives in terms of a persons growth and development. Freuds theory appears to be more dated and not as flexible to change as Rogers humanistic approach it also feels more negative towards human development then Rogers who appears to see everything in a positive light, not all problems in childhood can be associated with the adult grows, development how they adapt to society and others around them. There are many outside influences that can shape a person for the future, not just the way in which an adult has been nurtured as a child and the experiences they encounter. (Beckett Taylor 2010) (Walker Crawford 2010) Psychoanalysis is founded upon acceptance determinism, or acceptance of aspects of our lives outside of our control, whilst humanism thought bases itself on the concept of freewill (www.humanism.com) (1412 without quotes)

The Egyptian Process of Mummification Essay -- Ancient Egypt Egyptian

The Egyptian Process of Mummification In ancient Egyptian society, preserving a body after death was an important process necessary for entrance into an immortal existence. According to Egyptian belief the soul did not die. The soul would take the form of a bird usually a falcon and fly around in the world of the living returning later its dead body. The importance of preserving the body revolved around the idea that the roaming soul would be able to recognize the right body and return to it. As a result of this theology, Egyptians developed an effective system of embalming. The Egyptian embalming process was a significant and complicated process performed by priests. Employing a crooked piece of iron the brain would be removed through the nostrils. A sharp stone was used to cut open the body and extract the intestines. Palm wine and spices were used to purify the intestines. The chest and stomach areas would be filled with myrrh, cinnamon, and other herbs. The body would be sewn up and immersed in natron for seventy days. After the seventy days the body would be washed and wrapped in linen from head to foot bound by a gum like substance. Upon completion of this procedure the body would now be ready for burial. Egyptians used other methods of embalment. One method attributed to the lower class was to bury the body in the desert sand for a lengthy period of time. The result of this method dried the skin of the body into a leathery shell. Arab historian Abdel el Latif discovered on one of his expeditions a rather unorthodox method of embalment. Latif and his team came across a jar filled with honey. During a lunch break Latif and his party indulged in the jar of honey until hair... ...ns were stuffed into the ears of the mummies and along the bandages although the significance of this is still unknown. The modern examination of mummies has enabled us to ascertain various facts about everyday Egyptian life. The mummy of Maat-ka-re a virgin priestess had for thousands of years been thought to have been mummified with a child. Using X- ray technology the child turned out to be a mummified baboon, one of her favourite pets. Examination of mummies revealed that Egyptians were quite short. A considerable amount of infant diseases are evident in children mummies. The life expectancy according to the mummies was around forty. Average Egyptians encountered several dental and health obstacles. Spinal arthritis was common as were typhoid and brucellosis. Mummies serve as a tribute to ancient Egyptian society and their technology.

Hum/105 World Mythology

Many volcanoes and mountains stretch across the world; however, all volcanoes and mountains are not considered sacred. Mount Fuji and Mauna Kea function as sacred places rich with mythical elements that have a functional role in culture, and are comparatively similar. Mount Fuji was once a sacred place only accessible to men for spiritual enlightenment, but is no longer strict on visitation. Although ceremonies remain held during climbing season to this day, many people view the ritual as more a cultural experience instead of a religious one. Japan has two other mountains, but neither is as sacred or rich with religious and mythological Japanese culture. Mount Fuji is one of the most sacred places in the Japanese culture. Every year thousands climb to the shrine every summer. Traditionally the climb to the shrine on the peak was a religious movement and women were not allowed to make the journey. This climb usually required the wearing of white robes (O'Meara, 2006). Today thousands come to climb generally during â€Å"climbing† season from July 1st to August 26th. Many believe that this place is very sacred and many believe it to be spiritual (O'Meara, 2006). People commonly believe that ascending this mountaintop is to bring luck and the more one climbs the better. The mythic belief retains empowerment because the mountain also serves as a national emblem (Leonard & McClure, 2004, p. 350). Some have climbed at least 100 times. At the start of each climbing season two religious sects hold sacred ceremonies to begin climbing season (O’Meara, 2006). Some have marathons ascending and descending the mountain. Many believe it to be unlucky to ascend any other sacred mountaintop. Climbing Mt. Fuji is one of religious tradition. Tradition states that the mountain is split into three parts from peak to base. The grassy areas represent the mundane world. The forest line represents the transient line between this world and the world of the gods. The burned areas with a thick layer of volcanic ash represent the realm of the gods and Buddha. The idea of ascending and descending the mountain represent travels between the world of the living and the dead. With each passage one could receive purity and have the sins of this world washed away (Fujisan, 2009). Shintoists believe Mount Fuji is sacred to the goddess Sengen-Sama. They also believe the mountain itself to be an embodiment of nature. Another religious sect believes that the mountain itself is a sacred being which contains a soul. The Buddhists believe the mountain is a gateway to another world (Sacred-Destinations, 2009). Mount Fuji is a sacred place and has been since the first inhabitants of Japan. Buddhists believe the mountain came to be around 286 BC after an earthquake that formed the mountain as well as the Lake Blwa, the largest lake in Japan (Sacred-Destinations, 2009). This mountain is a very sacred part of Japanese religion and for years people treated it as such. Today it is more of an attraction and the religious meaning has been lost a little. Mount Fuji seems to be more of a tourist hotspot than a spiritual place, one in which souvenirs can be bought. Mt. Fuji or Fuji San refers to the most sacred mountain in Japan. Mt. Fuji is such a natural symbol and sacred not only to the Shinto and Buddhist but also for most Japanese people. The name â€Å"Fuji† is a local Ainu word that means â€Å"deity of fire† because of the often-volcanic eruptions (Mount Fuji, 2011). The Japanese built a shrine about 800 A. D. to the gods to help calm the erupting volcano. Mount Fuji later became home to a Shinto goddess Konohano Sakuya Hime â€Å"the Goddess of the Flowering Trees. † The Shinto goddess Koyasusama is also known as the goddess who grants easy childbirth. The Shinto goddess has â€Å"shrines at the base and summit of Fuji† where there is a fire ceremony at the conclusion of the climbing season (New World Encyclopedia, 2009). The Fujiyoshida’s Sengen Shrine is the main Sengen Shrine positioned on the north side of the mountain. The shrine stands in a dark forest and is set off the road lined with stone lanterns and tall cedar trees. In the past the Shrine was a starting point for climbing Mt. Fuji, and these hikers would start their ascent with a prayer at the shrine. Buddhist found Fuji as a â€Å"symbol of meditation† and calls its â€Å"summit zenjo,† that is a Buddhist term that describes perfection of a meditative state (Mount Fuji, 2011). Japanese Buddhists revere the mountain as a gateway to another world. â€Å"Shugendo practitioners established the first climbing route to lead pilgrims to Fuji’s summit† (Mount Fuji, 2011). Today pilgrims continue to climb Mount Fuji. Some stop to worship at the shrine of Konohana Sakuya Hime, pray at the summit altars, or ritually circumambulate the volcano’s crater† (Mount Fuji, 2011). Aokigahara, also known as the Sea of Trees is another sacred and mythological place that lies at the base of Mt. Fuji. The Sea of Trees are associated with demons in Japanese mythology, haunted by the ghost of people left to die. Mauna Kea is a tr aditional mythical place that compares to Mount Fuji. Mauna Kea is a volcano found on the big Island of Hawaii. In Hawaiian mythology, the peaks of the island of Hawaii are sacred. Only high-ranking tribal chiefs were allowed to visit the peak. Mount Fuji is the central figure in the neisho-e work. The Japanese consider Mt. Fuji to be sacred and is a symbol of national identity (Wikipedia, n. d. ). Mount Fuji is also considered to be a symbol of beauty. The mountains are also a sacred place because the higher the mountain the closer the mountain’s reach to heaven. Some sacred mountain can sometimes be just a mythical thought, depending on the meaning or the purpose of the mountain. Mount Fuji, located in Japan, is the highest mountain with an active volcano. Japan has Three Holy Mountains. Mount Fuji is the mountain the sightseers go see when they are in Japan. The other two mountains in Japan are Mount Tate and Mount Haku. Some people think that the meaning of Fuji is immortal, but no proof has been determined on that issue. Many Japanese writers have used Mount Fuji in their artwork, literature, and as a background picture in several movies. Mount Fuji was sacred to the point that woman were not allowed to go to the mountain. The volcano inside Mount Fuji is currently said to be active, but has a very slim chance of erupting. Mauna Kea is also considered to be the most sacred mountain in Hawaii. The tribal chiefs were the only ones allowed at the top of the mountain. Mauna Kea is one of the best sites that people can visit for astronomical purposes. Mauna Kea is an inactive volcano, unlike Mount Fuji, and is among five other volcanoes in Hawaii. Hawaiian Law implements visitor restrictions on Mauna Kea. Mauna Kea is sacred, and portrayed as the first born of the father of the sky (Wakea) and the mother of the earth (Papa). Mount Fuji and Mauna Kea are active volcanoes. Both volcanoes are sacred places where tribal chiefs are the only ones allowed to go to the top. The mountains are sacred because of developing the highest point closest to heaven. Mount Fuji last erupted in 1707-08. Mauna Kea last erupted was about 4,600 years ago. Both mountains have that attractive cone shape, and are hotspots of their location. Once a sacred Japanese religious site, Mount Fuji has become more of a tourist attraction. This volcano became a shrine to Gods, and later to the Goddess of the flowering trees. Similar to Mount Fuji in sacredness and Goddess mythology is Mauna Kea, another volcanic mountain. Mauna Kea’s myth embodies the mountain as Poliahu the Snow Goddess, the first child of the sky father and earth mother (Lovingthebigisland’s Weblog, 2009). Both sites are rich with mythology, culture, and both are sacred places. Although Mauna Kea has limits on who may ascend, Mount Fuji is open for all to climb. Both Mount Fuji and Mauna Kea retained their sacred status because of their heights being closest to heaven. References Fujisan (2009). Mt. Fuji and religious beliefs. Retrieved from http://www. fujisan-3776. jp/english/religiouis_beliefs/religiouis_beliefs. html. Leonard, S. , & McClure, M. (2004). Myth & knowing: An introduction to world mythology. New York: McGraw-Hill. Lovingthebigisland’s Weblog. (2009). The Hawaiian snow goddess poliahu and the summit of mauna kea. Retrieved July 30, 2011, from http://lovingthebigisland. wordpress. com/2009/02/05/the-hawaiian-snow-goddess-poliahu-and-the-summit-of-mauna-kea/. Mount Fuji. (n. d. ). Wikipedia: The free encyclopedia. Retrieved July 29, 2011, from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Mount_Fuji. New World Encyclopedia. (2009). Mount Fuji. Retrieved July 29, 2011, from http://www. ewworldencyclopedia. org/entry/Mt. _Fuji O'Meara, D. (2006). Mount Fuji. Faces (07491387), 22(5), 6. Retrieved from EBSCOhost History. com (1994-2009). Mount Fuji. Retrieved from http://www. history. com/topics/mount-fuji. Sacred-Destinations (2009). Mount Fuji. Retrieved from http://www. sacred-destinations. com/japan/mount-fuji. Sacred Land. (2011). Mount Fuji. Retrieved July 29, 2011, from http://www. sacredland . org/mount-fuji/. Wikipedia. (n. d. ) The great wave off kanagawa. ASK. Retrieved July 29, 2011, from http://www. ask. com/wiki/The_Great_Wave_off_Kanagawa.

Example Sentences of the Verb Hold for ESL

Example Sentences of the Verb Hold for ESL This page provides example sentences of the verb Hold in all tenses including active and passive forms, as well as conditional and modal forms. Base Form hold / Past Simple held / Past Participle held / Gerund holding Present Simple They usually hold meetings on Mondays. Present Simple Passive Meetings are usually held on Mondays. Present Continuous The manager is holding a meeting at the moment. Present Continuous Passive The annual meeting is being held this morning. Present Perfect He has held many positions at this company. Present Perfect Passive The position has been held by three different employees this year. Present Perfect Continuous Peter has been holding that jewel in his hands for the past half an hour. Past Simple He held up the traffic to let the children pass. Past Simple Passive The children were held up as examples to all. Past Continuous We were holding a meeting when she burst into the room with the news. Past Continuous Passive A meeting was being held when she burst into the room with the news. Past Perfect They had already held the discussion when I arrived late. Past Perfect Passive The discussion had already been held when I arrived late. Past Perfect Continuous Mary had been holding her ground for more than an hour when she finally gave in to his request. Future (will) Alice will hold the auction. Future (will) passive The auction will be held by Alice. Future (going to) Alice is going to hold the auction tomorrow evening. Future (going to) Passive The auction will be held tomorrow evening. Future Continuous We will be holding a drink in our hands this time tomorrow. Future Perfect She will have held three different positions by the time she retires next month. Future Possibility She might hold a meeting to discuss the idea. Real Conditional If she holds a meeting, I will attend. Unreal Conditional If she held a meeting, I would attend. Past Unreal Conditional If she had held a meeting, I would have attended. Present Modal She must hold a meeting soon. Past Modal She cant have held a meeting without John. Quiz: Conjugate With Hold Use the verb to hold to conjugate the following sentences. Quiz answers are below. In some cases, more than one answer may be correct. A meeting _____ when she burst into the room with the news.The children _____ as examples to all yesterday.The manger _____ a meeting at the moment.They _____ already _____ the discussion when I arrived late.If she _____ a meeting, I will attend.Alice _____ the auction.If she _____ a meeting, I would have attended.They usually _____ meetings on Mondays.Meetings _____ usually _____ on Mondays.He _____ up the traffic to let the children pass yesterday afternoon. Quiz Answers was being heldwere heldis holdinghad heldholdswill holdhad heldholdare heldheld

Miranda v Arizona - Supreme Court Case

Miranda v Arizona - Supreme Court Case Miranda v. Arizona  was a significant Supreme Court case that ruled that a defendants statements to authorities are inadmissible in court unless the defendant has been informed of their right to have an attorney present during questioning and an understanding that anything they say will be held against them. In addition, for a statement to be admissible, the individual must understand their rights and waive them voluntarily. Fast Facts: Miranda v. Arizona Case Argued: Feb 28-March 2, 1966Decision Issued: Jun 13, 1966Petitioner: Ernesto Miranda, a suspect who was arrested and brought to the Phoenix, Ariz., police station for questioningRespondent: State of ArizonaKey Question: Does the Fifth Amendment’s protection against self-incrimination extend to the police interrogation of a suspect?Majority Decision: Justices Warren, Black, Douglas, Brennan, FortasDissenting: Justices Harlan, Stewart, White, ClarkRuling: The Supreme Court ruled that a defendants statements to authorities are inadmissible in court unless he has been informed of his right to have an attorney present during questioning and an understanding that anything he says will be held against him in a court of law. Facts of Miranda v. Arizona On March 2, 1963, Patricia McGee (not her real name) was kidnapped and raped while walking home after work in Phoenix, Arizona. She accused Ernesto Miranda of the crime after picking him out of a lineup. He was arrested and taken to an interrogation room where after three hours he signed a written confession to the crimes. The paper on which he wrote his confession stated that the information was given voluntarily and that he understood his rights. However, no specific rights were listed on the paper. Miranda was found guilty in an Arizona court based largely on the written confession. He was sentenced to 20 to 30 years for both crimes to be served concurrently. However, his attorney felt that his confession should not be admissible due to the fact that he was not warned of his right to have an attorney represent him or that his statement could be used against him. Therefore, he appealed the case for Miranda. The Arizona State Supreme Court did not agree that the confession had been coerced, and therefore upheld the conviction. From there, his attorneys, with the assistance of the American Civil Liberties Union, appealed to the US Supreme Court. Supreme Court Decision The Supreme Court actually decided four different cases that all had similar circumstances when they ruled on Miranda. Under Chief Justice Earl Warren, the court ended up siding with Miranda with a 5-4 vote. At first, the attorneys for Miranda attempted to argue that his rights had been violated as he had not been given an attorney during the confession, citing the Sixth Amendment. However, the Court focused on the rights guaranteed by the Fifth Amendment including that of protection against self-incrimination. The Majority Opinion written by Warren stated that without proper safeguards, the process of in-custody interrogation of persons suspected or accused of crime contains inherently compelling pressures which work to undermine the individual’s will to resist and to compel him to speak where he would otherwise do so freely. Miranda was not released from prison, however, because he had also been convicted of robbery which was not affected by the decision. He was retried for the crimes of rape and kidnapping without the written evidence and found guilty a second time. The Significance of Miranda v. Arizona The Supreme Court decision in Mapp v. Ohio was quite controversial. Opponents argued that advising criminals of their rights would hamper police investigations and cause more criminals to walk free. In fact, Congress passed a law in 1968 that provided the ability for courts to examine confessions on a case-by-case basis to decide whether they should be allowed. The main result of Miranda v. Arizona was the creation of the Miranda Rights. These were listed in the Majority Opinion written by Chief Justice Earl Warren: [A suspect] must be warned prior to any questioning that he has the right to remain silent, that anything he says can be used against him in a court of law, that he has the right to the presence of an attorney, and that if he cannot afford an attorney one will be appointed for him prior to any questioning if he so desires. Interesting Facts Ernesto Miranda was released from prison after serving only eight years of his sentence.Miranda was convicted a second time based on the testimony of his common-law wife to whom he confessed the crimes. He had told her that he would be willing to marry Patricia McGee if she would drop the charges against him.Miranda would later sell autographed cards bearing the Miranda Rights for $1.50 each.Miranda was killed of a knife would after a bar fight. The person who was arrested for his murder was read the Miranda Rights. Sources: Miranda v. Arizona. 384 U.S. 436 (1966). Gribben, Mark. Miranda vs Arizona: The Crime That Changed American Justice. Crime Library. trutv.com/library/crime/notorious_murders/not_guilty/miranda/1.html

Assesment instruments Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Assesment instruments - Essay Example (Cattell, 1996) The global factors the test measures are Openness, Conscientiousness, Extroversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism (OCEAN). (Hofer & Eber, 2002) Employers also use skill or knowledge specific tests. For example, tests for prospective employees of the United States, State Department are not unlike university examinations in a politics class. They are designed to determine an applicants knowledge of foreign governments, history and diplomacy. These are job-specific skills for that employer. Similarly, many factories will examine prospective employees to determine their level of knowledge of required skills from plumbing to computer technology. In essence tests of this nature determine an employees competence in the skills the company or position requires them to have. Tests of this nature have been used since time immemorial. Arguably, an apprenticeship program in a trade such as tool and die maker can be seen as one long testing process resulting in the apprentice receiving the designation of journeyman. Wikipedia suggests that academic careers can be seen as an apprenticeship program: â€Å"Even in academia, the tradition survives, with elementary, middle and high school completing general education; with post secondary degrees awarded in the Associates, Bachelor and Master levels; and PhD students as apprentices, post-docs and associate professors as journeymen and full professors as masters.† (â€Å"Master Craftsman†) Testing alone has one major advantage. It is entirely objective. There is no influence over a test relating to an interviewer liking or disliking a candidate. The candidate answers the test and the test results are calculated. However, this can also be its major disadvantage. Particularly if the test, such as the PF Questionnaire is designed to measure personality factors. The PF Questionnaire can accurately judge global personality

Explain which early Tokugawa reforms did the most to stabilize Japan Essay

Explain which early Tokugawa reforms did the most to stabilize Japan and perpetuate Tokugawa rule - Essay Example At the beginning of the Tokugawa period, Japan was shaken by internal disorder and social unrest. In order to restore stability and order, the Tokugawa rulers established a social hierarchy, based on the principles of Confucianism (Hunter; Murphy). Many samurai were disposed of their land, which was concentrated in the hands of the daimyo. The daimyo were put under the direct control of the Shogunate. The land owners were located in the city of Edo, and this social organization was based on inherited position rather than personal merits. It was horizontal in the sense that at the top there was the Emperor, as well as the Shoguns and the daimyo. The lower layer consisted of samurai, followed by peasants, craftsman and merchants. The social structure during the Edo period was an interesting way for the Tokugawa to stabilize the country and to maintain order. The system was elitist in a way that the resources of the country were vested in the hands of very few people, which were under the control of the Shogunate. This hereditary form of autocracy prevented economic and social disputes and riots over land or economic predominance. The social order established by the Tokugawa was a centralized form of governance, which carried some of the features of European feudalism. Another reform, which created stability during the Tokugawa period, was Japan’s transition from trade openness to seclusion. At the beginning of the Tokugawa rule, foreign trade with Europe and the Americas was restricted (Hunter, Murphy). The reason for this major shift in external relations was the Tokugawa fear from the spread of Catholicism in Europe. Although some historians argue that the restrictions on foreign trade, imposed by To kugawa set the beginning of Japan’s economic isolation, they were also a form of protectionism which made Japan impervious to foreign influence. Explain which Meiji era reforms did the most to transform Japan into a modern nation and major military power The Meiji period was a benchmark in Japanese modern history, and marked the beginning of Japan’s ascent to economic and military supremacy. Economically, the Meiji period marked a tremendous shift from the policy of isolation and trade protectionism, which was characteristic of the Tokugawa rule. During the Meiji period, Japan opened its economic borders, and adopted open market economy, based on the Western capitalist model (Hunter, Murphy). The rationale behind the adoption of free market economy was to boost independent entrepreneurs, which at the time were the main component of the Japanese private sector. Open market economy increased competition and industrialization, which quickly transformed Japan from economic ally secluded nation, to one of Asia’s rising economic powers. The implementation of open economy allowed Japan to borrow expertise, knowledge and technology from the developed West, which soon made the country Asia’s leading manufacturer of goods. Other economic reforms included improved banking system and the adoption of unified national currency – the yen. The transformation of Japan in the Meiji period continued with the modernization of the military sector. This period saw the government’s effort to create a small, but well trained army. Army conscription was made compulsory for all men. Japan exchanged military expertise and training with developed nations such as France and USA.